Gold nanotubes can destroy cancer cells, according to physicists and medical researchers at the University of Cambridge and the University of Leeds. They found that their nanotubes, which were tuned to have strong near-infrared absorption, can enter mesothelioma cells and destroy them when heated with laser light.
根英大及利大物理家及研究人的法，金奈米管能摧癌胞。他，其整具有大之近外吸收作用的奈米管，使用雷射光加，能入皮瘤胞中，摧它。
Every year, more than 2700 people in the UK are diagnosed with mesothelioma. This cancer usually grows in the pleural membrane, a thin lining that surrounds the lungs. The vast majority of cases are caused by exposure to asbestos dust.
每年，英有2700多人被罹患皮瘤。癌通常於，肺部之薄的胸膜中成。大多病例，是曝露於石棉粉所引起。
When damaged, asbestos releases microscopic fibres that can be inhaled. These fibres can then migrate through lung tissue into the pleural membrane and cause mesothelioma to develop. Asbestos has been banned in the UK since the late 1990s, but mesothelioma can take from 15 to 60 years to develop.
，石棉放出能被吸入的微小。之後，此些透肺移到胸膜，而致形成皮瘤。打1990年代後期以，石棉在英一直被禁用。不，皮瘤的形成能花15到60年。
“Mesothelioma is one of the ‘hard-to-treat’ cancers, and the best we can offer people with existing treatments is a few months of extra survival,” says Arsalan Azad at the University of Cambridge. “There’s an important unmet need for new, effective treatments.”
大的Arsalan Azad宣：「皮瘤是‘以治’的癌症之一。因此，使用有法能提供患者的最佳成效是，外存活月。就有效的新法而言，有一重要、未解的需求。」
To develop a potential treatment, the researchers turned to gold nanotubes. They hypothesized that if absorbed by mesothelioma cells and then heated using near-infrared light, these hollow tubes – one thousandth the width of a human hair – would destroy the cancer cells.
了一在法，此些研究人求助於金奈米管。他假，倘若被皮瘤胞吸收，之後使用近外光加，此些空心管子(千分之一人的度)摧些癌胞。
Tests in an aqueous solution showed that, when heaed with a laser at a wavelength of 875 nm with a power density of 1.9 W/cm2, the nanotubes increased in temperature by up to 9°C, high enough to cause localized killing of cancer cells. Next, the team added the nanotubes to mesothelioma cell cultures and tracked them using various microscopy techniques, observing that the nanotubes were absorbed by the cells.
在水溶液中的多示，使用一波875奈米(nm)、具有功率密度1.9 W / cm2的雷射加，此些奈米管度升高，到足以致局部死癌胞的9°C。之後，此些奈米管添加到，皮瘤胞培液中，使用了各微技，行察、追被此些胞吸收的奈米管。
The researchers then exposed mesothelioma cell cultures with and without the gold nanotubes to the near-infrared light for 10 min. Laser irradiation alone did not cause cell death, but laser exposure combined with the nanotubes killed roughly half of the cells. They report their results in Small.
然後，此些研究人具有及不具有，金奈米管的皮瘤胞培液，曝露於近外光10分。行雷射照射，不致胞死亡。不，雷射曝光合奈米管，大死一半的此些胞。他在《Small》期刊，表了他的研究果。
Key to the nanotubes’ potential to destroy cancers within the human body is their tunability. Stephen Evans, a physicist at the University of Leeds, says that there are two near-infrared windows in which light has good optical penetration through tissue. He explains that you need to tune the nanoparticles so that they best absorb – and convert to heat – light at those wavelengths.
此些奈米管摧人癌的力，是其可整性。利大的物理家，Stephen Evans表示，在近外有段，光具有良好之穿的光穿透性。他解，需要整此些奈米粒子，以便在那些波，它能最佳地吸收光，成。
The optical properties of gold nanomaterials are controlled by the density of free electrons that the light couples to and causes to oscillate, Evans explains. “That is dependent on the size, in our case, the thickness of the wall of the gold,” he says. “If we made thicker walled gold, we would shift the absorbance wavelength, and if we made the walls thinner, we would shift it in the opposite direction.”
Evans解，金奈米材料的光性受控於，光耦合致振之自由子的密度。他宣：「在其事例中，那取於金粒子的大小及壁的厚度。倘若作厚壁的金粒子，他改吸收的波。倘若作薄壁的粒子，他以相反的方向改。」
The nanotubes are created using a solution-based technique. First, a silver seed particle is grown into a silver nanowire, and then a gold salt is added to the water-based solution. The gold deposits onto the surface of the silver, which oxidizes and becomes water soluble. The silver then dissolves away leaving the gold nanotube.
此些奈米管是使用一，以溶液基之技造的。首先，使的子粒子成奈米，然後一金(金的子化合物)添加到，以水基的溶液中。金沉於，氧化且成水溶性之的表面上。之後溶解掉，留下金奈米管。
1. (a)以奈米模板作金奈米管；(b)奈米及(c)金奈米管的描子微技(SEM：Scanning Electron Microscopy)像(插比例尺：200 奈米)；(d)金奈米管的透射子微技(TEM：Transmission Electron Microscopy)像，深色示壁的厚度。
Evans tells Physics World that the thickness of the gold is tuned by controlling the size of the silver nanowires. In the study, the silver nanowires were around 100 nm in diameter, which led to a gold thickness of 12 nm.
Evans告Physics World，藉由控制奈米的尺寸，整金粒子的厚度。在研究中，奈米直大100奈米，致12奈米的金粒子厚度。
The team also used nanowires with average diameters of 65 and 193 nm as templates to prepare gold nanotubes with thinner and thicker walls. “We showed that we could make silver nanowires of different diameters and thereby produce gold tubes with different wall thicknesses,” Evans says.
也使用了，具有平均直65及193奈米的奈米作模板，作具有薄壁及厚壁的金奈米管。Evans宣：「他，能作不同直的奈米，而生具有不同壁厚度的金管子。」
Part of the attraction of using these gold nanoparticles to treat mesothelioma is that they have similar dimensions to asbestos fibres. The hope is that that they will also get trapped in the same part of the body, aiding the delivery of treatment. “We are sort of mimicking what causes the disease so we can use that as a treatment,” Evans explains.
使用此些金奈米粒子治皮瘤，吸引人的部分是，它具有石棉相似的尺寸。期盼的是，它也被陷於身的相同部位，助治的送。Evans解：「他近似模仿致此疾病的原因，因此能利用那作一法。」
原文址：https://physicsworld.com/a/gold-nanotubes-and-infrared-light-could-treat-asbestos-related-cancer/
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