V2EX textualism

Textualism

Definition / 释义

文本主义:一种解释方法,主张在解读法律、合同或其他正式文本时,应以文字本身的通常含义和语法结构为主要依据,而尽量少依赖立法者意图、政策效果或外部材料。(在英美法语境中尤常见;在文学/宗教研究中也可指“以文本为中心”的解读取向。)

Pronunciation / 发音

/tkstulzm/

Examples / 例句

Textualism focuses on the words on the page.
文本主义把重点放在纸面上的字句本身。

In the debate over statutory interpretation, the judge defended textualism, arguing that clear wording should control even when the outcome seems unpopular.
在关于法律条文解释的争论中,这位法官为文本主义辩护,认为即使结论不受欢迎,也应以清晰的措辞为准。

Etymology / 词源

textualismtextual(“文本的”)+ -ism(表示“主义、倾向”的后缀)构成,字面意思是“以文本为中心的主义/方法”。在现代英语中,它常用来指法律解释领域的一种立场:把“文本”视为最可靠的起点与边界。

Related Words / 相关词汇

Literary Works / 文学作品举例

  • Antonin Scalia,《A Matter of Interpretation》:讨论法律解释方法,文本主义是核心主题之一。
  • Antonin Scalia & Bryan A. Garner,《Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legal Texts》:系统阐述以文本为中心的解释原则与规则,经常直接使用并讨论“textualism”。
  • William N. Eskridge Jr. 等(编写/教材类作品),关于法条解释(Statutory Interpretation)的著作:常将 textualism 与 purposivism、intentionalism 等并列比较。
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