The spike protein on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can adopt at least ten distinct structural states, when in contact with the human virus receptor ACE2, according to research from the Francis Crick Institute published in Nature today (Thursday).
根自英敦市，弗朗西斯克里克研究所，2020年9月17日(星期四)表於《自然》期刊的研究。於第二型重急性呼吸系徵候群-冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2：Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2)表面上的棘突蛋白，人病毒受ACE2接，至少能接十不同的。
This new insight into the mechanism of infection will equip research groups with the understanding needed to inform studies into vaccines and treatments.
有感染制的新洞察力，使多研究具，引研究疫苗及法所需的知。
The surface of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is covered in proteins called spikes, which enable the virus to infect human cells. The infection begins when a spike protein binds with ACE2 cell surface receptors and, at later stages, catalyses the release of the virus genome into the cell.
引2019冠病毒症(COVID-19：Coronavirus Disease-19)的SARS-CoV-2病毒表面被，使病毒能感染人胞，被棘突的蛋白所覆。棘突蛋白ACE2胞表面受合，在後段，行催化使病毒基因，放到胞中。
However, the exact nature of the ACE2 binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike remains unknown.
不，ACE2SARS-CoV-2棘刺蛋白合的切本，仍然不。
In the first study to examine the binding mechanism between ACE2 and the spike protein in its entirety, researchers in the Crick's Structural Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory, have characterised ten distinct structures that are associated with different stages of receptor binding and infection.
在探究ACE2棘刺蛋白之整的合制上，弗朗西斯克里克研究所，疾病程之生物室的研究人，已描述了十，受合及感染有之不同段的不同特徵。
The team incubated a mixture of spike protein and ACE2 before trapping different forms of the protein by rapid freezing in liquid ethane. They examined these samples using cryo-electron microscopy, obtaining tens of thousands of high-resolution images of the different binding stages.
藉由，在陷捕不同形式的棘突蛋白之前，於液乙烷中，快速冷蛋白，培了其ACE2的混合物。使用低子微技，他了此些本，得不同合段的高解析度影像。
They observed that the spike protein exists as a mixture of closed and open structures., Following ACE2 binding at a single open site, the spike protein becomes more open, leading to a series of favourable conformational changes, priming it for additional binding.
他察到，棘突蛋白以混合了，及的存在。在ACE2於一位合之後，棘突蛋白得更。致一系列使其入，合更多合的有利象化。
Once the spike is bound to ACE2 at all three of its binding sites, its central core becomes exposed, which may help the virus to fuse to the cell membrane, permitting infection.
一旦ACE2棘突蛋白所有三合位合，曝露其中央核心。可能有助於病毒融合到胞膜上，而使感染成可能。
"By examining the binding event in its entirety, we've been able to characterise spike structures that are unique to SARS-CoV-2," says Donald Benton, co-lead author and postdoctoral training fellow in the Structural Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory at the Crick.
首要合撰人，弗朗西斯克里克研究所，疾病程之生物室的博士後培研究，Donald Benton宣：「藉由探究整上的合程，他已能描述，SARS-CoV-2有的棘突蛋白特徵。
We can see that as the spike becomes more open, the stability of the protein will reduce, which may increase the ability of the protein to carry out membrane fusion, allowing infection."
他能，著棘突蛋白得更加，蛋白的定性下降。可能提升了，蛋白行，使其得以造成感染之膜融合的能耐。」
The researchers hope that the more we can uncover about how SARS-CoV-2 differs from other coronaviruses, the more targeted we can be with the development of new treatments and vaccines.
此些研究人期盼，他能揭露有SARS-CoV-2，不同於其他冠病毒的事愈多，被定之他能解疫苗及法的事愈多。
Antoni Wrobel, co-lead author and postdoctoral training fellow in the Structural Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory at the Crick, says: "As we unravel the mechanism of the earliest stages of infection, we could expose new targets for treatments or understand which currently available anti-viral treatments are more likely to work."
首要合撰人，弗朗西斯克里克研究所，疾病程之生物室的博士後培研究，Antoni Wrobel宣：「他揭露感染最早段的制，他可能揭治的新的，或解哪些前可使用的抗病毒法，可能起作用。」
Steve Gamblin, group leader of the Structural Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory at the Crick says: "There's so much we still don't know about SARS-CoV-2, but its basic biology contains the clues to managing this pandemic. By understanding what makes this virus distinctive, researchers could expose weaknesses to exploit."
人，Steve Gamblin宣：「有SARS-CoV-2，他仍有很多未知之事。不，其基本生物具有，多控制大流行病的索。藉由解什使病毒具特性，研究人可能揭，多可加以利用的弱。」
The team is continuing to examine the structures of spikes of SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses in other species to better understand the mechanisms of viral infection and evolution.
正持探究，SARS-CoV-2及於其他物中，相冠病毒的棘突蛋白，深入解病毒感染及演化的制。
原文址：https://www.technologynetworks.com/tn/news/structural-mechanism-of-coronavirus-receptor-binding-revealed-340572
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