升级 marshmallow，运行 pytest 的时候有大量 warning 怎么快速修改正确？

新版 marshmallow 将 Field 中，非保留的关键参数都建议放入到 metadata 参数中， 没有放入的会显示 warning 。

示例代码：

# schemas.py from marshmallow import Schema from marshmallow import fields class FooSchema(Schema): name = fields.String( required=True, title='foo', description='foo name') relatiOnship= fields.String( title='bar', description='foobar') 

测试代码：

from schemas import FooSchema def test_warn(): INPUT = { 'name': 'something', 'relationship': 'others' } schema = FooSchema() data = schema.load(INPUT) assert data == INPUT 

示例代码文件结构：

. ├── requirements.txt # marshmallow==3.3.0 ├── schemas.py └── test_warning.py 

升级 marshmallow：

$ pip install -U marshmallow ... Successfully installed marshmallow-3.14.1 

使用 pytest 测试（出现 marshmallow warning ）：

pytest test_warning.py ================================================================ test session starts ================================================================= platform darwin -- Python 3.8.3, pytest-6.2.5, py-1.11.0, pluggy-1.0.0 rootdir: /private/tmp/_ collected 1 item test_warning.py . [100%] ================================================================== warnings summary ================================================================== .venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/marshmallow/fields.py:218 /private/tmp/_/.venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/marshmallow/fields.py:218: RemovedInMarshmallow4Warning: Passing field metadata as keyword arguments is deprecated. Use the explicit `metadata=...` argument instead. Additional metadata: {'title': 'foo', 'description': 'foo name'} warnings.warn( .venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/marshmallow/fields.py:218 /private/tmp/_/.venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/marshmallow/fields.py:218: RemovedInMarshmallow4Warning: Passing field metadata as keyword arguments is deprecated. Use the explicit `metadata=...` argument instead. Additional metadata: {'title': 'bar', 'description': 'foobar'} warnings.warn( -- Docs: https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/warnings.html =========================================================== 1 passed, 2 warnings in 0.03s ============================================================ 

修改为没有 warning 的代码：

... class FooSchema(Schema): name = fields.String( required=True, metadata={'title': 'foo', 'description': 'foo name'}) relatiOnship= fields.String( metadata={'title': 'bar', 'description': 'foobar'}) 

问题：

如果有很多个 fields.XXXFieldYYY(...) 代码， 一个一个手动修改起来太难了， 有没有什么快捷的方案一次性改好？