V2EX resultative

Resultative

释义 (Definition)

resultative(形容词):结果性的;表示“导致某种结果/达到某种状态”的。在语言学中常指结果结构/结果补语(resultative construction),用来表达一个动作带来的结果状态(如“打碎”“擦干”“推开”)。
(该词也可更宽泛地指“与结果有关的/产生结果的”。)

发音 (Pronunciation)

/rzlttv/

例句 (Examples)

She wiped the table clean, a resultative phrase showing the outcome.
她把桌子擦干净了,其中“wiped…clean”是表示结果的结构。

In English, resultative constructions often use an object plus an adjective to express the final state caused by an action.
在英语中,结果结构常用“宾语 + 形容词”来表达某个动作导致的最终状态。

词源 (Etymology)

来自 result(结果)+ 形容词后缀 -ative(表示“具有……性质的/倾向于……”)。因此 resultative 字面意思就是“具有结果性质的;用于表达结果的”。

相关词 (Related Words)

文学/著作中的用例 (In Notable Works)

  • The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language(Huddleston & Pullum):讨论英语中的结果结构(resultative secondary predicates)。
  • Syntax: A Generative Introduction(Andrew Carnie):在句法章节中提到 resultative 作为一种结构类型。
  • The Syntax of Chinese(Huang, Li & Li):在讨论汉语结果补语/结果结构时常使用 “resultative” 术语。
  • Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar(Li & Thompson):涉及汉语结果补语等现象,常以 resultative 来概括相关结构。
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