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Putsch

Definition / 释义

（尤指由小团体发动的）政变、夺权未遂；通常指突然、带有军事或准军事色彩的夺取政权行动（常见于新闻与历史语境）。也常特指“啤酒馆政变”（Beer Hall Putsch）。

Pronunciation / 发音

/pt/

Examples / 例句

The putsch failed within hours.
这场政变在几小时内就失败了。

After the putsch, the new leaders imposed strict censorship and arrested their opponents.
政变之后，新领导人实施严格审查并逮捕了反对者。

Etymology / 词源

Putsch 来自德语，原义有“推、猛冲”之意，在政治语境中引申为“突然夺权的行动”。该词进入英语后，常用于描述欧洲（尤其德语区）历史中的政变事件，并因 1923 年德国的“啤酒馆政变”而更广为人知。

Related Words / 相关词

Literary Works / 文学与著作举例

The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich（William L. Shirer）涉及德国历史与“Beer Hall Putsch”等事件时常使用该词
Inside the Third Reich（Albert Speer）谈及纳粹早期政治行动与权力斗争时会出现相关表述
The Origins of Totalitarianism（Hannah Arendt）在讨论极权主义兴起与政权夺取方式时常见此类术语

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