V2EX participle

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Participle

定义 Definition

participle（分词）：一种具有动词性质但常用作形容词或用于构成时态/语态的词形。英语中最常见的有现在分词（通常以 -ing 结尾）和过去分词（常见 -ed 或不规则形式如 written）。也常见作“分词短语”来修饰名词或补充说明。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/ptspl/（英式常见）
/pr.t.s.pl/（美式常见）

例句 Examples

The smiling child waved at us.
那个微笑着的孩子向我们挥手。

Exhausted by the long journey, she fell asleep before dinner was ready.
由于长途旅行太疲惫，她在晚饭准备好之前就睡着了。

词源 Etymology

participle 来自拉丁语 participium，含义与“参与、分担（动词的某些特性）”有关：分词既“像动词”（可带宾语、表示动作/状态），又“像形容词”（修饰名词、作表语）。因此它被理解为一种“介于动词与形容词之间”的形式。

相关词 Related Words

文学与经典作品 Literary & Notable Works

H. W. Fowler《A Dictionary of Modern English Usage》（讨论分词及常见误用，如“悬垂分词”问题）
William Strunk Jr. & E. B. White《The Elements of Style》（写作中关于分词与修饰结构的用法与建议）
Otto Jespersen《A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles》（系统讲解英语语法结构，含分词范畴）
**Randolph Quirk et al.**《A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language》（权威语法书，对分词结构有专门论述）

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