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Nutation

定义 Definition

nutation（名词）：（尤指天文学）章动；指地球自转轴（或其他旋转天体的旋转轴）在长期进动之外叠加的小幅、周期性摆动。在更一般的语境中也可指“点头般的轻微摆动”（较少见）。

例句 Examples

Nutation makes Earth’s axis wobble slightly.
章动会使地球自转轴轻微摆动。

Astronomers must account for precession and nutation to calculate a star’s precise apparent position.
天文学家必须把进动和章动都考虑进去，才能计算恒星精确的视位置。

发音 Pronunciation

/nuten/

词源 Etymology

来自拉丁语 nutare（“点头、轻轻摇动”），与“点头”这一形象相关；后来被借入科学语境，用来描述天体自转轴“像点头一样”的细微周期摆动。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary Works

James Bradley, “On the apparent motions of the fixed stars”（18世纪论文，提出并讨论地轴章动现象）
Jean Meeus, Astronomical Algorithms（天文计算经典著作，包含章动的计算方法）
Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac（《天文年历》补充说明书，系统处理进动与章动等参数）

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