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Nephritis

释义 Definition

（医学）肾炎：指肾脏（常见为肾小球或肾间质）的炎症，可由感染、自身免疫反应或药物等引起，常伴有血尿、蛋白尿、水肿或高血压等表现。

例句 Examples

She was diagnosed with nephritis after routine blood and urine tests.
她在常规血液和尿液检查后被诊断为肾炎。

Untreated nephritis can gradually impair kidney function and, in severe cases, lead to chronic kidney disease.
未治疗的肾炎可能会逐渐损害肾功能，严重时可导致慢性肾病。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/nfrats/

词源 Etymology

源自现代拉丁语 nephritis，由希腊语词根 nephr-（肾）+ -itis（炎症）构成；在医学术语中，-itis 常用来表示“某部位的炎症”（如 arthritis 关节炎）。

相关词 Related Words

文学与经典著作 Literary Works

Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine（《哈里森内科学》）
Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease（《罗宾斯-科特兰病理学基础》）
The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy（《默克诊疗手册》）
Oxford Textbook of Medicine（《牛津内科学》）

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