V2EX glycolipid

Glycolipid

Definition / 定义

糖脂:由糖类(寡糖/单糖)脂质(通常为脂肪酸与鞘氨醇骨架)组成的分子,常存在于细胞膜外侧,参与细胞识别、信号传导、免疫反应等过程。(在生物化学中也常指糖鞘脂等一类膜脂)

Pronunciation / 发音

/lakolpd/

Examples / 例句

Glycolipids are found in the outer layer of the cell membrane.
糖脂常存在于细胞膜的外层。

Changes in glycolipid composition can alter how immune cells recognize pathogens and may contribute to disease progression.
糖脂组成的变化会影响免疫细胞识别病原体的方式,并可能促使疾病进展。

Etymology / 词源

glyco- 来自希腊语 glykys(“甜的”),在科学英语里常指“糖”;lipid 源自希腊语 lipos(“脂肪”)。合起来字面意思就是“带糖的脂质”,用来描述“糖+脂质”结合的分子类型。

Related Words / 相关词

Literary Works / 文学与著作示例

  • Molecular Biology of the Cell(《细胞的分子生物学》)细胞膜与膜成分章节常讨论糖脂在细胞表面识别中的作用。
  • Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry(《莱宁格生物化学原理》)膜脂与糖脂/糖鞘脂的结构与功能。
  • Campbell Biology(《坎贝尔生物学》)细胞膜“膜蛋白与糖脂/糖蛋白”相关内容中出现该词。
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