V2EX fourteenth amendment

Fourteenth Amendment

释义 Definition

(美国宪法)第十四修正案:1868年通过的宪法修正案,确立并强化了公民身份原则,并通过“正当程序条款(Due Process Clause)”与“平等保护条款(Equal Protection Clause)”限制各州政府,禁止其在剥夺权利或进行差别对待时违反基本法律保障。该词组在法律与社会议题语境中常用于讨论民权、歧视、教育、婚姻、投票权等问题。(也常简称为 the Fourteenth。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/frtinθ mendmnt/

例句 Examples

The Fourteenth Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law.
第十四修正案保障法律面前的平等保护。

Legal scholars debate how the Fourteenth Amendment applies to modern issues like voting rights and equal access to education.
法律学者争论第十四修正案如何适用于投票权与受教育平等机会等现代议题。

词源 Etymology

Fourteenth 来自英语数字序数形式(fourteen + -th),表示“第十四”。Amendment 源自拉丁语词根 emendare(纠正、修订),经法语进入英语,表示对文本(尤其是法律/宪法条文)的“修正/修正案”。作为专名,“Fourteenth Amendment”特指美国内战后“重建时期”(Reconstruction)通过的一项关键宪法修正案。

相关词 Related Words

文学与重要文本中的出现 Notable Works

  • The Constitution of the United States(《美国宪法》正文与修正案文本中直接出现)
  • Plessy v. Ferguson(1896,美国最高法院判决意见中讨论平等保护)
  • Brown v. Board of Education(1954,判决意见中以平等保护条款为核心)
  • Roe v. Wade(1973,判决意见中涉及正当程序与隐私权的扩展讨论)
  • Obergefell v. Hodges(2015,判决意见中援引正当程序与平等保护)
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