V2EX detection bias

Detection Bias

释义 Definition

检测偏倚/侦测偏倚(也常译作“测量偏倚/观察者偏倚”的一种):在研究中,由于不同组的结局(outcome)被检测、测量或评估的方式不一致(例如评估者知道分组、随访强度不同、检查频率不同),导致结局被记录的概率或严重程度出现系统性差异,从而使研究结果偏离真实情况。常见于临床试验与流行病学研究,尤其涉及主观结局(如疼痛评分、症状改善)时。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/dtkn bas/

例句 Examples

Early cancer screening can reduce detection bias by applying the same tests to everyone.
早期癌症筛查如果对所有人使用相同检测流程,可以减少检测偏倚。

Because the assessor knew who received the new drug, subtle symptoms were recorded more carefully, increasing detection bias.
由于评估者知道谁使用了新药,对细微症状记录得更仔细,从而增加了检测偏倚。

词源 Etymology

detection 来自拉丁语词根 detegere(意为“揭开、发现”),引申为“侦测、检测”。bias 源自法语 biais(意为“斜向、偏向”),后来用于表示判断或测量上的“偏差/偏见”。合起来强调:“发现/检测过程本身的偏向”会系统性影响结果。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary & Notable Works

  • Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions(讨论随机试验偏倚风险时常涉及 detection bias,尤其与盲法与结局评估相关)
  • Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature(循证医学方法中讲解各类偏倚,包括结局评估相关的检测偏倚)
  • Clinical Epidemiology: The Essentials(临床流行病学教材中介绍研究设计与偏倚控制,常提到 detection bias)
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