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Cognate

定义 Definition

cognate /knet/
（语言学）同源的；同源词。

作形容词：指两个词（常在不同语言中）来源相同、词形/词义有历史联系。
作名词：指同源词本身。
（也可泛指“同宗的、同源的”事物，但最常见用法在语言学。）

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/knet/

例句 Examples

English, “night” and German “Nacht” are cognates.
英语的 “night” 和德语的 “Nacht” 是同源词。

Because of historical sound changes, many cognates look different on the surface but still share a common origin.
由于历史上的语音变化，许多同源词表面形式不同，但仍共享同一来源。

词源 Etymology

来自拉丁语 cognātus，意为“同宗的、同源的”，由 **co-**（共同）+ gnātus / nātus（出生、出身）构成。后来在比较语言学中专门用来指“源自同一祖语的词”。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作 Literary Works

Steven Pinker, The Language Instinct（《语言本能》）
David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language（《剑桥语言百科全书》）
Robert McCrum, William Cran & Robert MacNeil, The Story of English（《英语的故事》）

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